Year: 2023
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Common Infections of the Skin
Common Infections of the Skin Infections of the skin may be grouped into three types: bacterial, fungal, and viral. Common Bacterial Infections Impetigo Impetigo is a skin infection that is commonly seen on the face, particularly in the lower part of the face, but it can occur anywhere. This disease is characterized by large, open,…
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Primary, Secondary, and Vascular Lesions (Marks) on the Skin
Primary, Secondary, and Vascular Lesions (Marks) on the Skin A lesion: A lesion is any mark on the skin that is not a normal part of the skin. It does not necessarily mean that the skin is diseased. A freckle is a lesion; and so is a wrinkle. However, lesions can also be symptoms of…
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COMMON DISEASES THAT AFFECT THE SKIN CARE PRACTICE
COMMON DISEASES THAT AFFECT THE SKIN CARE PRACTICE Some common diseases that are frequently seen in the salon. These diseases are communicable, so skin care professionals must take precautions. The skin care professional is not a medical doctor and should never attempt to diagnose, treat, or give advice to clients about these diseases. However, aestheticians…
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Enlighten Biology Note on Mutations and Its Effects on Organisms
Mutations and Its Effects on Organisms Gene mutations (when DNA goes wrong) A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases in DNA. Protein synthesis can be disrupted if the mutation occurs within a gene. The change in sequence is caused by the substitution, deletion, or insertion of one or more nucleotides (or base…
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Enlighten Biology Note on Control of Gene Expression.
Gene regulation Enzymes which are necessary for reactions present in metabolic pathways like respiration are constantly required, and the genes that code for these are called housekeeping genes. Protein-based hormones (required for the growth and development of an organism or enzymes) are only required by certain cells at certain times to carry out a short-lived…
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Enlighten Biology Note on Using DNA Sequencing.
Enlighten Biology Note on Using DNA Sequencing. The development of DNA profiling and DNA sequencing has led to the development of new areas of bioscience that help us analyze, understand, and make use of all the data generated. Computational biology and bioinformatics People often use the terms computational biology and bioinformatics interchangeably. They describe different…
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Enlighten Biology Note on Speciation and Artificial Selection.
Enlighten Biology Note on Speciation and Artificial Selection. Speciation Speciation is the formation of new species through the process of evolution. The organisms belonging to the new species will no longer be able to interbreed to produce fertile offspring with organisms belonging to the original species. Several events that happen leading to speciation: Members of…
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Enlighten Biology note on the Diversity of Mammals
Enlighten Biology note on the Diversity of Mammals MAMMALS Mammals include the largest animal ever to live, the blue whale (130 metric tons). The smallest mammal, the Kitti’s bat (1.5 g) And the fastest land animal is the cheetah (110 km/hr). These characteristics distinguish mammals: Mammals are named for their distinctive mammary glands, which produce…
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Enlighten Biology Note on Phylum Echinodermata and its Class of Organisms.
Enlighten Biology Note on Phylum Echinodermata and its Class of Organisms. General Characteristics Echinoderms are slow-moving or sessile marine animals. Echinoderms have a coelom. A thin epidermis covers an endoskeleton of hard calcareous plates, and most species are prickly from skeletal bumps and spines. Unique to echinoderms is the water vascular system, a network of…
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What is Your Skin Type? Discover it Here
What is Your Skin Type? Discover it Here Normal Skin You have little pores along the T-zone You rarely experience breakouts You experience a slight oily shine at the end of the day You rarely are sensitive to products Basically, you hit the skin jackpot. Almost anything you put on your face, whether it has…
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Chemicals Found in the Skin (Body) and Why pH Is Important in Cosmetics
Chemicals Found in the Skin (Body) and Why pH Is Important in Cosmetics Chemicals found in the skin and body When we discuss chemicals and chemical reactions within the body, we are talking about a subject called biochemistry. Biochemistry is a highly complex subject that we will barely touch. Many complex chemical reactions take place…
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How ATP Provides the Energy that Perform Work.
How ATP Provides the Energy that Perform Work. The structure and hydrolysis of ATP. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) contains the sugar ribose, with the nitrogenous base adenine and a chain of three phosphate groups (the triphosphate group) bonded to it. In addition to its role in energy coupling, ATP is also one of the nucleoside triphosphates…
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The roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in regulating the blood calcium level in mammals.
The roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in regulating the blood calcium level in mammals. Control of blood calcium Because calcium ions (Ca2+) are essential to the normal functioning of all cells, homeostatic control of the level of calcium in the blood is vital. If the blood Ca2+ level falls substantially, skeletal muscles contract convulsively, a…
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The Adrenal Gland and Stress Responses
Content: Introduction The Role of the Adrenal Medulla in stress response The Role of the Adrenal Cortex in stress response Glucocorticoids Mineralocorticoids Introduction. The adrenal glands of vertebrates play a major role in the stress response, a state of threatened homeostasis. Located on top of the kidneys (the renal organs), each adrenal gland is made…
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Understanding the Hormonal Control of the Male and Female Reproductive System.
Understanding the Hormonal Control of the Male and Female Reproductive System. Content: Hormonal control of the male reproductive system. Hormonal control of the female reproductive cycle The Ovarian Cycle The Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle Menopause Menstrual and Oestrous Cycles Hormonal control of the male reproductive system. When mammals reach sexual maturity, the sex hormones and gonadotropins…
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Exploring Human Gametogenesis; Production Gametes (Sperm cell and Eggs/Oocytes)
Exploring Human Gametogenesis; Production Gametes (Sperm cell and Eggs/Oocytes) Content: What is gametogenesis? Spermatogenesis Oogenesis Gametogenesis Gametogenesis is the production of gametes (male and female gametes). In both males and females, there is a close relationship between the gonads’ structure and their function. There are many parallels between; spermatogenesis which is the production of sperm…
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Why you feel pains in the muscle after strenuous exercise? Anaerobic Respiration
Content: Introduction Anaerobic respiration in eukaryotic organisms Obligate anaerobes: Facultative anaerobes Obligate aerobes Fermentation How can food be oxidized without cellular respiration? Types of fermentation Alcohol fermentation Lactic acid fermentation Cause of pains in the muscle after strenuous exercise Comparing fermentation with aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Introduction: Because most of the ATP generated by cellular…
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What happen to the food we eat after digestion to give us energy.
Content: Cellular respiration Phases of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Phosphorylation Lysis Phosphorylation Dehydrogenation and formation of ATP Oxidative decarboxylation (the link reaction) The Krebs Cycle/ Citric Acid Cycle The importance of coenzymes in respiration The electron transport chain (ETC)/ Oxidative phosphorylation reaction Substrate level phosphorylation Cellular respiration Cellular respiration is the process by which cells acquire…
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Why the first breath taken by a new born baby is so much harder than any subsequent breaths.
Why the first breath taken by a new born baby is so much harder than any subsequent breaths. Content: Introduction The human gaseous exchange system Key structures the human gaseous exchange system. Nasal cavity Trachea Bronchus Bronchioles Alveoli The main adaptations of the alveoli for effective gaseous exchange. Ventilating the lungs Inspiration Expiration Why the…
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Exploring the Ventilation and Gas Exchange Concept in Insects
Content: Introduction Gaseous exchange systems in insects How does gas exchange take place in insects? mechanical ventilation of the tracheal system collapsible enlarged tracheae or air sacs, which act as air reservoirs Discontinuous gas exchange cycles in insects Internal gas-exchange systems such as the lungs in mammals are not the only way for multicellular organisms…
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